Fluid-pressure motor



Dec. 24, 1929. J, BARTELSON v 1,740,676

FLUID PRES SURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 17, 1923 Eff- Patented Dec. 24, 1929 IATES JOHN L. BARTELSON, OF CLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO SULLIVAN MA- CHINERY CORPORATION, A CORPORATION F MASSACHUSETTS FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR Application filed December 17, 1923.

My invention relates to pressure fluid motors.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved pressure fluid motor. Another obect of my invention is to provide an improved motor of the percussive type whereby the stroke of the piston may be varied. Still another object of my invention is to provide an improved motor of the pressure fluid percus- 0 sive type especially adapted for use with drill sharpeners having improved mechanism whereby the reversing of the pressure fluid admission controlling valve may be varied. Still another object of my invention is to pro- 5 vide an improved pressure fluid percussive motor especially adapted for use with drill sharpeners whereby the point of admission of fluid pressure through the reverse port during the forward stroke of the piston may be varied. A still futher object of my invention is to provide a sliding reverse passage means for a pressure fluid percnssive motor. These and other objects and advantages will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying ydrawings I have shown for purposes of illustration one form which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings,

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional 0 view through a motor in which an illustrative form of my invention embodied, the piston and striking pi n being shown in their extreme forward position.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 1 with parts in a different position.

Fig. fl is a central longitudinal sectional view through the front end of the motor, a drill steel being shown in operative sharpening position thereon` In this illustrative form of my invention I have shown a pressure fluid percussive motor, generally designated l, of a valvcd type comprising a cylinder having a bore 3 in which a piston l is reciprecable and adapted to percrssively actuat a striking pin 5 carried within the front end of the sharpening` motor. This striking pin transmits its blow to a dolly 3 (Fig. l) suitably guided in the front end of the motor and held in position thereon by a pivoted cover 7 and springs (not shown).

Serial No. 681,147.

Herein, this dolly 6 is adapted to act upon the cutting end of a drill steel 8, having a longitudinally extending aperture 9 formed coaxially therein, suitably rigidly clamped and centered in operative upsetting or sharpening position by means of a suitable pressure fluid operated clamping mechanism (not shown) in a well known manner. Herein, it will be noted that a pinning tool 1() provided with a tapered punch 10l is freely slidable in a bore 11 in the dolly 6 and this punch is likewise acted on by the striking pin 5 t0 open the hole in the drill steel, which is frequently obstructed or entirely closed by the swaging operation which sharpens the wings of the bit previous to the upsetting operation. -is illustrated, the piston 4 is provided with spaced heads 12 and 13, respectively, which are connected by a reduced portion 14 forming an annular space 15 in the cylinder. T ne opposite ends of the cylinder are closed by suitable head members 16 and 17 which are held in the desired assembled relation by means of side rods (not shown) in a well known manner.

Herein, it will be observed that in order io distribute motive fluid to and to conduct the exhaust fluid away from the ends of the cylinder 2, suitable passages 18 and 19 are provided which lead to pOints adjacent the opposite ends of the cylinder. The supply and exhaust of fluid which alternately passes through these passages 18, 19 is controlled by a suitable valve mechanism generally designated 2() which comprises a casing or chest 21 in which suitable bushings 21 are so arranged as to form a chamber having end bores 22 of slightly smaller diameter than a larger bore 23. As illustrated, the passages 18, 19 communicate with the ends of the larger bore 23 and terminate in annular grooves 24 and 25 formed in the walls thereof. Herein, near the ends of the smaller bores 22, ports 26 and 2i' connect reverse or throwing passages 28 and 29 with the remote ends of the valve chamber, these passages communicating at their opposite ends, as at 28 and 29', with the cylinder and are spaced a substantial distance from the longitudinal center thereof. Annular grooves 30 and 31 are formed in the walls of the end chambers 22 which communicate by way of ports 32 and 33 with chambers 34 and 35 which communicate with the atmosphere through suitable passages, not shown. Herein, it will be noted that these chambers also lead to exhaust by way of the reverse passages 28, 29 which are adapted to be alternately connected by means of annular grooves 36 and 37 formed in the piston heads 12, 13 which communicate by way of slots and 39 with the annular space 15. This annular space communicates with exhaust by means of a port 40 in the cylinder intermediate its ends.

Within the valve chest is a valve, generally designated 41, which is of the three spool type comprising end spools 42 and a. central spool 43, which fit in the bores 22, 23 respectively, these spools being connected together by reduced portions 43. Herein, the end spools 41 engage buffers 44 arranged within the ends of the valve bushings 21. A pressure fluid supply communicates with an annular space 45 formed between the inner ends of the valve bushings 21 in the central part of the valve chest.

In my improved construction it will be observed that the piston 4 is provided with mechanism by means of which the admission of pressure Huid through the reverse passage 29 may be varied which comprises a central longitudinally extending bore 46 through part of the length of the piston in which an adjustable rod 47 is arranged. Herein, this rod is grooved as at 48 intermediate its ends and suitably secured to an adjusting screw member 49 provided with an adjusting member or hand wheel 50. A plurality of radially extending ports 51 extend between the bore 46 and an annular groove 52 formed in the rear head 12 of the piston 4. The forward end of the bore 46 is vented by way of a plurality of ports 53 which communicate by way of the annular space 15 and port 40 with the atmosphere, thereby preventing an excessive pressure to build up in front of the rod 47.

In the operation of my improved construction it will be noted that the drill steel 8 is placed against the forward end of the dolly 6 (Fig. 3) and is rigidly clamped and centered in that position to be sharpened or upset. rlhe end of the obstructed opening 9 caused by the swaging of the steel engages the pinning tool 10 and forces the latter and the striking pin 5 rearwardly to the position shown in Fig. 2. Previous to my invention the reverse port 29 would be cut off at this time by the piston head 12 preventing the throwing of the valve and thereby stalling the motor, but by adjusting the groove 48 in the rod 47 by means of the adjusting screw to the position shown in Fig. 2, pressure fluid is admitted from the distribution passage 18 and the rear end of the cylinder by way of the groove 48 and ports 51 to the annular groove 52 in the rear piston head, thereby reversing the Valve and moving the same to the left as shown in Fig. 1, consequently reversing the movement of the piston 4, shortening its stroke but permitting a blow to be delivered to the striking pin. It is obvious that by adjusting the position of the groove 48 in the rod 47 within certain limits the point of the admission of fluid pressure to the reverse passage 29 and the reverse or throwing of the valve is accordingly varied, consequently changing the length of the forward piston stroke. It will be understood, however, that during normal operation of the motor, the rod 47 is moved to its extreme forward position by means of the screw 49, thereby cutting off communication between the ports 51 and the rear end of the cylinder.

As a result of my invention it will be noted that an improved mechanism of extremely simple and rugged character is produced that will permit a variation of the point of admission through the reverse port, thereby varying the reversal of the valve and stroke of the piston at the will of the operator. It will further be noted that by means of my invention varying lengths of pinning tools or striking pins may be used without the possibility of stalling the motor as heretofore experienced it being understood that the pins are only roughly formed and are not of uniform length. Obviously, my invention may also be used in other relations and also irrespective of whether or not a striking pin is used or whether this pin is a pinning out tool, the function being the same regardless of the character of the movable abutment struck by the piston or f* whether such an abutment is used. These and other advantages will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While I have in this application specically described one form which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that this form is shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various itil) other forms without departing from its i spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a pistou reciprocable therein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, reverse ports leading from the opposite ends of said cylinder to the opposite ends of said valve and each having a fixed inlet, and means to vary the point of admission of pressure fiuid from one end of said cylinder to one of said reverse port inlets.

2. In a pressure Huid motor, a cylinder. a piston reciprocable therein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve conlso trolling said passages, reverse ports leading from' the 'opposite ends of said cylinder to the opposite ends of said valve and each having a fixed inlet, and means cooperating with said piston to vary the point of admission of pressure-fluid from the rear end of said cylinder to one of said reverse port inlets.

3. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciproeable therein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling saidpas'sages, and means for controlling the timing of the reversing of said valve Which admits pressure fluid to the forward end of the cylinder, said means including a member slidable longitudinally of said cylinder and having fluid conducting means for admitting pressure fluid to one end of said valve.

4. In a. pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, and means for controlling the reversing of said valve including a grooved fluid conducting rod and means to adjust said rod at will during operation of the motor.

5. A pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a pressure fluid actuated valve controlling the movement of' said piston, a throwing passage therefor having a fixed inlet communicating with one end of said cylinder. and means cooperating witli said piston for varying the time of admission of pressure fluid from said end of said cylinder to said inlet.

6. A pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a pressure fluid actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage therefor adapted to conduct pressure fluid from therear end of said cylinder to said valve and having a fixed inlet, and means for varying the time of admission of pressure fluid from the rear end of said cylinder to said inlet, said means comprising passages formed in said piston.

7. A pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a pressure fluid actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston.` a throwing passage therefor adapted to conduct pressure fluid from the rear end of said cylinder to said valve and having a fixed inlet, means for varying the time of admission of pressure fluid from the rear end of said cylinder to said inlet, said means comprising passages formed in said piston, and an adjustable element having means cooperating with said last mentioned passages.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder.` a piston reciprocable therein, means includmg passages for distributing Huid to and exhaust from said cylinder, a valve controlling said distribution means, means comprising throwing passages for conducting fluid from opposite ends of said cylinder for controlling said valve, and means cooperating directly with said piston for varying the point of admission of pressure fluid from one end of said cylinder to one of said throwing passages.

9. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a. member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, and means for regulating the time of admission of pressure fluid to the forward end of the cylinder so as to cause continuous effective operati-on of said piston when said member is moved relative to said cylinder so as to limit substantially the travel of said piston.

10. In a pressure fluid motor, aV cylinder, a piston reciprocab-le therein, a member arranged to be percussivelyv actuated by said piston, distribution passages. leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages and means regulating the operation of said valve in the direction causing admission to the forward end of the cylinder to cause continuous effective operation of said piston when said member is moved relative to said cylinder so as to limit substantiallyT the travel of said piston.

11. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, and means regulating the time of actuation of said valve in the direction effecting admission to the forward end of the. cylinder to cause continuous effective operation of said piston when said member is moved relative to said cylinder so.v as to limit substantially the travel of said piston, said means including'an element slidable longitudinally of said cylinder and cooperatingl with said piston.

12. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, and means for varying the timing of said valve with respect to admission to the forward end of the'eylinder to cause continuous effective operation of said piston when said member is moved relativeto said cylinder to limit substantially the travel of said piston, said means including an element slidable longitudinally of said cylinder and c0- operating with said piston, and manuel means for adjusting said element.

13. A pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder, a piston reeiproeabl'e therein, a member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, a pressure fluid actuated valve controlling the movements of said piston, a throwing passage to admit pressure fluid thereto for actuating the valve in the direction to effect admission to the forward end of the cylinder and having a fixed inlet from said cylinder, and means for varying the time of admission of pressure fluid to said inlet.

14. In a pressure Huid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein having a bore, a member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, means including passages for distributing fluid to and exhausting it from said cylinder, a valve controlling said distribution means, throwing passages for controlling said valve, and means for varying the point of admission of pressure fluid to that one of said passages which eects actuation of said Valve to a position causing admission to the forward end of the cylinder to cause continuous effective operation of said piston when said member is moved relative to said cylinder to limit substantially the travel of said piston, said means including an element adjustable at will during operation of the motor and extending within the bore in said piston.

15. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, means including passages for distributing fluid to and exhausting fluid from said cylinder, a valve controlling said distribution means, means comprising throwing passages for controlling said valve, a shiftable rod cooperating directly with said piston for varying the point of admission of pressure fluid to that one of said throwing passages which in turn effects admission to the forward end of said cylinder, and an abutment member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston and movable longitudinally of said cylinder' to limit substantially the travel of said piston.

16. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder having front and rear heads, a piston reciprooable therein having a bore, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a fluid actuated valve controlling said passages, a member arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston and movable longitudinally of said cylinder so as to prevent the `full stroke of said piston, and means for regulating the time of actuation of said valve to the position of admission to the forward end of the cylinder to cause continuous effective operation of said piston in any adjusted position of said member, said means including a movable element carried by one of said heads and extending Within the bore in said piston.

17. In combination, a pressure fluid motor having a cylinder and a piston reciprocable therein, a member projecting into the forward end of said cylinder and arranged to be percussively actuated by said piston, a pin member to which said first mentioned member transmits the blows of the piston and Whose length determines the degree to which said first mentioned member projects into the cylinder, said pin member being replaceable by another similar member causing said first mentioned member to project a different distance into said cylinder, and means for regulating the time of admission of pressure fluid to the forward end of the cylinder in accordance with the length of the pin member being actuated so as to cause continuous effective operation of said piston upon said first mentioned member.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOHN L. BARTELSON. 

